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HomeLeetCode ProblemsBinary Tree Coloring Game
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How to Solve Binary Tree Coloring Game Problem

Master the Binary Tree Coloring Game LeetCode problem with undetectable real-time assistance. Get instant solutions and explanations during your coding interviews.

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Medium#1145
LeetCode Problem

Binary Tree Coloring Game

Two players play a turn based game on a binary tree. We are given the root of this binary tree, and the number of nodes n in the tree. n is odd, and each node has a distinct value from 1 to n. Initially, the first player names a value x with 1 <= x <= n, and the second player names a value y with 1 <= y <= n and y != x. The first player colors the node with value x red, and the second player colors the node with value y blue. Then, the players take turns starting with the first player. In each turn, that player chooses a node of their color (red if player 1, blue if player 2) and colors an uncolored neighbor of the chosen node (either the left child, right child, or parent of the chosen node.) If (and only if) a player cannot choose such a node in this way, they must pass their turn. If both players pass their turn, the game ends, and the winner is the player that colored more nodes. You are the second player. If it is possible to choose such a y to ensure you win the game, return true. If it is not possible, return false.

TreeDepth-First SearchBinary Tree

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Problem Breakdown

Understanding the Binary Tree Coloring Game Problem

Let's break down this LeetCode problem and understand what makes it challenging in interview settings.

Problem Statement

Two players play a turn based game on a binary tree. We are given the root of this binary tree, and the number of nodes n in the tree. n is odd, and each node has a distinct value from 1 to n. Initially, the first player names a value x with 1 <= x <= n, and the second player names a value y with 1 <= y <= n and y != x. The first player colors the node with value x red, and the second player colors the node with value y blue. Then, the players take turns starting with the first player. In each turn, that player chooses a node of their color (red if player 1, blue if player 2) and colors an uncolored neighbor of the chosen node (either the left child, right child, or parent of the chosen node.) If (and only if) a player cannot choose such a node in this way, they must pass their turn. If both players pass their turn, the game ends, and the winner is the player that colored more nodes. You are the second player. If it is possible to choose such a y to ensure you win the game, return true. If it is not possible, return false.

MediumProblem #1145
LeetCode

Binary Tree Coloring Game

Related Topics

TreeDepth-First SearchBinary Tree

How Phantom Code Helps

Get real-time assistance for Binary Tree Coloring Game problems during coding interviews. Phantom Code provides instant solutions and explanations.

Examples

# Example 1

Input
root = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11], n = 11, x = 3
Output
true

# Example 2

Input
root = [1,2,3], n = 3, x = 1
Output
false

Constraints

The number of nodes in the tree is n.
1 <= x <= n <= 100
n is odd.
1 <= Node.val <= n
All the values of the tree are unique.

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Solve Binary Tree Coloring Game — Two players play a turn based game on a binary tree. We are given the root of th...

Here's the optimal approach using Tree:

def solve(input):
# Optimal O(n) solution
return result

Time: O(n)  |  Space: O(n)

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Frequently Asked Questions

Common questions about solving Binary Tree Coloring Game and using Phantom Code during coding interviews.

How does Phantom Code help me solve coding problems like Binary Tree Coloring Game during interviews?
Phantom Code generates complete solutions instantly with proper complexity analysis, letting you focus on explaining your approach and demonstrating problem-solving skills rather than getting stuck on implementation details during high-pressure situations.
What if the interviewer asks follow-up questions or modifications to problems like Binary Tree Coloring Game?
Phantom Code adapts in real-time. Screenshot the modified problem or use audio mode to capture the interviewer's follow-up, and get an updated solution within seconds — including edge cases and optimizations.
Can Phantom Code help me communicate my solution for problems like Binary Tree Coloring Game?
Yes. Phantom Code provides step-by-step approach explanations with 3 progressive thoughts, so you can walk through your solution naturally. It also provides time and space complexity analysis to discuss trade-offs.
How does Phantom Code assist with different programming languages for Binary Tree Coloring Game type problems?
Phantom Code supports 11 programming languages including Python, Java, C++, JavaScript, TypeScript, Go, Rust, Ruby, Swift, Kotlin, and C#. Set your preferred language and get idiomatic solutions.
What coding mistakes does Phantom Code help me avoid during Binary Tree Coloring Game interviews?
Phantom Code catches common mistakes like off-by-one errors, missing edge cases, incorrect base conditions, and suboptimal approaches. It provides clean, well-structured code that handles all edge cases.
Is Phantom Code detectable when solving problems like Binary Tree Coloring Game during live interviews?
No. Phantom Code runs as an invisible desktop overlay that doesn't appear in screen shares, recordings, or proctoring software. It works with Zoom, HackerRank, CodeSignal, CoderPad, and all major platforms.
How does Phantom Code help when I'm struggling with Binary Tree Coloring Game style questions under pressure?
The AI provides structured guidance: first the approach (what algorithm/data structure to use and why), then the implementation with clean code, and finally complexity analysis. This helps you think clearly even under pressure.
Does Phantom Code work for the coding platforms used in Binary Tree Coloring Game interviews?
Yes. Phantom Code works with all major coding platforms including LeetCode, HackerRank, CodeSignal, CoderPad, HackerEarth, and any browser-based coding environment.
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